nyálmirigy

Nyálmirigy is the Hungarian word for salivary gland. Salivary glands are exocrine glands in the mouth that produce saliva. Humans have three major pairs of salivary glands: the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, as well as numerous minor salivary glands scattered throughout the oral mucosa.

The parotid glands are the largest and are located on the sides of the face, just in front of the ears. They primarily secrete serous saliva, which contains enzymes like amylase that begin the digestion of carbohydrates. The submandibular glands are located beneath the floor of the mouth and produce a mixed secretion of both serous and mucous saliva. The sublingual glands are the smallest and are situated under the tongue, secreting primarily mucous saliva.

Saliva plays a crucial role in oral health and digestion. It moistens food, aiding in swallowing and speech. Saliva also contains enzymes that start the chemical breakdown of food, buffers that neutralize acids, and antibacterial compounds that help protect teeth and gums from infection. The continuous production of saliva is essential for maintaining a healthy oral environment. Disruptions to salivary gland function can lead to a variety of problems, including dry mouth (xerostomia), increased risk of dental decay, and difficulty eating.