nyilvánoskulcsú

Nyilvános kulcsú is the Hungarian term for public key cryptography. This cryptographic system uses a pair of keys: a public key and a private key. The public key is used to encrypt messages or verify digital signatures, while the private key is used to decrypt messages or create digital signatures. This asymmetric nature is the core principle of public key cryptography.

Public key cryptography has several important applications. One of the most common is secure communication, such as in secure socket layer (SSL)/transport layer security (TLS) protocols used for securing internet traffic. It also enables digital signatures, which provide authentication and integrity for digital documents, ensuring that a document has not been tampered with and originated from a trusted source. Email encryption, like PGP (Pretty Good Privacy), also relies on public key cryptography to protect the confidentiality of messages.

The security of public key cryptography hinges on the computational difficulty of deriving the private key from the public key. This is typically based on mathematical problems that are easy to perform in one direction but extremely hard to reverse, such as the factorization of large prime numbers or the discrete logarithm problem. The wider adoption of public key cryptography has been a cornerstone of modern digital security and privacy.