neutròfils

Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the innate immune system. They are the most abundant type of granulocyte and the most abundant type of phagocyte in most vertebrates. Neutrophils are formed in the bone marrow and are typically released into the bloodstream. They are essential for fighting bacterial infections and other types of pathogens.

The primary function of neutrophils is to engulf and destroy foreign particles, such as bacteria and fungi, through a process called phagocytosis. Once they detect a foreign invader, they migrate to the site of infection or inflammation. They can also release antimicrobial substances from their granules to kill pathogens extracellularly. Neutrophils are short-lived cells, often dying after they have engulfed a significant number of microbes. Their dead bodies, along with debris from the invaders, contribute to the formation of pus.

The production of neutrophils is regulated by various signaling molecules, including colony-stimulating factors. Their levels in the blood can increase significantly during infections, a condition known as neutrophilia. Conversely, a low neutrophil count, called neutropenia, can make an individual more susceptible to infections. Neutrophils are a critical component of the body's first line of defense against invading microorganisms.