nervats

Nervats is the Catalan plural of nervat, meaning nerves. In anatomy, nervats are the fiber bundles that form the peripheral nervous system, connecting the brain and spinal cord with muscles, glands, and sensory receptors. They transmit electrical signals and enable both sensation and motor control.

Each nerve is composed of axons bundled into fascicles and wrapped by connective tissue layers. The outermost layer is the epineurium, inside which there are perineurial sheaths around each fascicle and endoneurial sheaths around individual axons. Axons may be myelinated by Schwann cells, which speeds up signal conduction. Nerves also carry blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the nerve tissue.

Nerves are classified by their function and origin. Cranial nerves arise from the brain and spinal nerves from the spinal cord. Most nerves are mixed, containing sensory (afferent) fibers that carry information toward the central nervous system and motor (efferent) fibers that carry commands away from it; some nerves are primarily sensory or motor. Conduction speed depends on axon diameter and myelination, with large, myelinated fibers conducting rapidly via saltatory conduction.

Nerve injury and disease can disrupt signal transmission. Common problems include compression injuries (such as carpal tunnel syndrome), trauma leading to transection, and neuropathies from metabolic or inflammatory causes. Diagnosis often involves nerve conduction studies and electromyography. Treatment targets the underlying cause and may include physical therapy, medications for pain, or surgical repair; peripheral nerves retain some capacity for regeneration, whereas central nervous system pathways have limited regrowth. Nervats thus play a central role in linking the nervous system with the body’s sensory input and motor output.