nasofarínge

The nasopharynx is the uppermost part of the pharynx, located behind the nasal cavity and above the soft palate. It serves as a passageway for air moving from the nose to the trachea and also plays a role in hearing. The Eustachian tubes, which connect the middle ear to the nasopharynx, open into its lateral walls. These tubes help to equalize pressure on both sides of the eardrum.

The roof of the nasopharynx is formed by the base of the skull, and the posterior wall is located opposite the upper cervical vertebrae. The pharyngeal tonsil, also known as adenoids, is a collection of lymphoid tissue found on the superior posterior wall of the nasopharynx. These tonsils are part of the immune system and help to trap pathogens entering through the nasal cavity.

The nasopharynx is lined with respiratory epithelium, which is ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium. This type of epithelium has cilia that beat rhythmically to move mucus and trapped particles away from the lungs. The soft palate, a muscular flap at the back of the roof of the mouth, hangs down and can close off the nasopharynx during swallowing, preventing food from entering the nasal cavity.

Problems associated with the nasopharynx can include infections, such as nasopharyngitis (the common cold or sore throat), which can cause inflammation and discomfort. Enlarged adenoids can obstruct the airway and affect breathing, particularly during sleep, potentially leading to snoring or sleep apnea. Nasopharyngeal cancer is a rare but serious condition that arises from the tissues of the nasopharynx.