nasienie

Nasienie, also referred to as semen in English, is a fluid produced by the male reproductive system in mammals, including humans. It is composed primarily of water, spermatozoa, and various seminal fluids secreted by the prostate gland, seminal vesicles, bulbourethral glands, and testes. The fluid serves to nourish and transport sperm from the testes to the female reproductive tract, facilitating fertilization of an egg.

The seminal fluid contains enzymes such as prostaglandins, citrate, and acidic phosphatase, which help to create a suitable environment for sperm motility and viability. It also contains zinc and zinc-binding proteins that protect sperm from oxidative damage and support acrosomal reactions during fertilization. Semen volume typically ranges from 2 to 5 milliliters per ejaculate, with the concentration of sperm varying widely among individuals.

The production of semen begins in the testes, where spermatogenesis takes place, and continues through the maturation and storage processes in the epididymis. During ejaculation, semen is mixed with fluids from accessory glands and expelled through the urethra. Clinical measures such as sperm count, motility, and morphology are used to assess male fertility. Abnormalities in seminal volume or sperm characteristics can indicate conditions like azoospermia, oligospermia, or low sperm motility. Semen analysis is thus an essential component of reproductive health assessments and assisted reproductive technologies.