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Narratology, also known as narratology, is the study of narrative, which encompasses the analysis of stories, their structures, and the ways in which they are told. It is a subfield of literary theory and cultural studies that seeks to understand the fundamental principles that govern the creation and interpretation of narratives. Narratology explores various aspects of storytelling, including plot, character, theme, and the narrative voice.

The term "narratology" was coined by the French literary theorist Gérard Genette in his 1972 work "Narrative Discourse: An Essay in Method." Genette's work laid the groundwork for modern narratology by introducing key concepts such as the narrative instance, the narrative discourse, and the narrative text. These concepts help to distinguish between the story (the events and actions that occur), the discourse (the way the story is told), and the text (the actual words or images used to convey the story).

Narratology has evolved to include a wide range of approaches and methodologies. Some scholars focus on the structural aspects of narrative, examining how stories are constructed and how different narrative techniques can be used to create meaning. Others explore the cultural and historical contexts in which narratives are produced and consumed, examining how narratives reflect and shape societal values and beliefs.

In contemporary times, narratology continues to be a vibrant and interdisciplinary field, drawing on insights from linguistics, psychology, media studies, and other disciplines. It plays a crucial role in the analysis of literature, film, television, and other forms of media, providing tools and frameworks for understanding the complex ways in which stories are created and experienced.