nanometreid

Nanometreid is the Estonian plural form of nanometre, the SI unit of length equal to one billionth of a metre. In scientific measurement, nanometres describe dimensions at the nanoscale, a regime crucial to nanotechnology, materials science, and biophysics.

Definition and equivalents: one nanometre equals 1×10^-9 metres. The nano- prefix denotes 10^-9, so 1 nm = 1000 picometres and 1 nanometre equals about 10 angstroms (1 Å = 0.1 nm).

Measurement and imaging: Features in the nanoscale are measured and visualized with instruments such as transmission electron microscopes, scanning electron microscopes, and atomic force microscopes, which resolve or probe structures from roughly 0.1 to 100 nanometres.

Applications and significance: Nanometre-scale dimensions determine properties in semiconductors, optics, catalysis, and biomaterials. In electronics, device features and spacings are described in nanometres, while nanoparticles and thin films are characterized by their nanometre-sized dimensions.

Standardization and usage: The nanometre is an SI-derived unit symbolized as nm. The term nanometre is widely used in international science, while some languages, such as Estonian, form plurals like nanometreid in ordinary text.

See also nanotechnology, nanoscale, and metrology.