mélange

Mélange is a noun and adjective derived from French, meaning mixture, blend, or medley. In English and other languages, it is used as a specialized term in several fields to describe a heterogeneous collection of elements that differ in origin or character. The basic sense is a conspicuous assembling of diverse parts into a single whole.

In general usage, mélanges appear as culinary mixtures, artful compilations, or musical or literary compositions that bring together varied styles, genres, or ingredients. The term often connotes variety and unpredictability, emphasizing the coexistence of different components within one aggregate.

In geology, a Mélange (lowercase) refers to a chaotic rock assemblage formed in subduction and accretionary settings. A geological mélange typically consists of a matrix of fine-grained material in which large blocks (olistoliths) of contrasting lithologies—such as volcanic, sedimentary, or ophiolitic rocks—are embedded. Mélanges record a history of tectonic mixing and tectonically driven transport, and they are diagnostic of convergent margins and accretionary complexes. They can vary widely in scale and composition, but share the characteristic juxtaposition of rocks with disparate origins within a single unit.

In art and culture, mélanges can describe works that fuse multiple media, styles, or cultural influences, or compilations such as anthologies or medleys that intentionally blend different voices or traditions.

See also: mixture, medley, mélange (geology).