mälutüüpe

Mälutüüpe refers to the different categories or classifications of memory within cognitive psychology. These classifications are based on various factors such as duration, capacity, and the nature of the information stored. The most widely accepted model categorizes memory into three main types: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

Sensory memory is the initial stage of memory, holding sensory information for a very brief period, typically milliseconds to a few seconds. It acts as a buffer, allowing the brain to process incoming stimuli from the environment. Examples include iconic memory for visual information and echoic memory for auditory information.

Short-term memory, also known as working memory, has a limited capacity and duration, typically holding information for about 20 to 30 seconds without rehearsal. It is where conscious processing of information occurs, allowing us to hold and manipulate data for immediate use, such as remembering a phone number long enough to dial it.

Long-term memory is believed to have an unlimited capacity and duration, storing information for extended periods, from minutes to a lifetime. It is further divided into explicit (declarative) memory, which includes episodic memory (personal experiences) and semantic memory (general knowledge), and implicit (non-declarative) memory, which encompasses procedural memory (skills and habits) and other forms of unconscious learning. These categories help researchers understand how information is encoded, stored, and retrieved, contributing to our understanding of learning, cognition, and memory disorders.