monokultúrák

Monokultúrák refers to the agricultural practice of growing a single crop species or variety over a large area year after year. This is in contrast to polyculture, which involves growing multiple species together. Monoculture is widely used in modern agriculture due to its efficiency in terms of planting, managing, and harvesting. It allows for specialized machinery and standardized practices, which can lead to higher yields of a particular crop.

However, monocultures also present several ecological challenges. They can deplete specific nutrients in the soil, requiring significant fertilization to maintain productivity. The lack of biodiversity makes monoculture systems more vulnerable to pests and diseases, often necessitating the use of pesticides and herbicides. This reliance on chemical inputs can have negative environmental consequences, including water pollution and harm to non-target organisms. Furthermore, the reduced genetic diversity within a monoculture makes the crop population more susceptible to widespread damage from a single pest or disease outbreak. Sustainable agricultural practices often advocate for crop rotation, intercropping, and other methods to diversify farming systems and mitigate the drawbacks of monoculture.