modrým

Modrým is the instrumental singular form of the Czech adjective modrý, meaning blue or blue-colored. It is used when the adjective modifies a noun in the instrumental case, for example in expressions of means or manner, such as Modrým světlem se místnost osvětlila.

Morphology. In instrumental singular, modrý governs masculine nouns and neuter nouns with the form modrým, while the feminine singular instrumental form is modrou. In instrumental plural, all genders take the form modrými. Thus, common forms are modrým (masculine/neuter singular), modrou (feminine singular), and modrými (plural).

Etymology. Modrým derives from the base Czech adjective modrý, meaning blue. The form reflects standard Czech adjective declension patterns. The root modr- is linked to the color term blue and has cognates in other Slavic languages.

Usage notes. Modrým is typically found in descriptive or figurative contexts involving color as a property or instrumental means. It commonly appears in phrases describing how something is illuminated, colored, or rendered blue, and it agrees with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case. Feminine nouns use modrou in the same sentence, while masculine and neuter nouns in instrumental singular use modrým.

See also. Modrý, the base form of the adjective; color terms in Czech; Czech adjective declension.