mluvené

Mluvené is a Czech term meaning spoken or oral, functioning as the neuter singular form of the adjective or participle mluvený, derived from the verb mluvit (to speak). In linguistic and descriptive contexts it denotes language, discourse, or utterances produced through speech, as opposed to written language.

In use, mluvené typically describes aspects tied to spoken communication. It appears in phrases such as mluvené slovo (spoken word), mluvené prohlášení (spoken statement), or mluvená řeč (spoken speech). The form is most commonly placed before neuter nouns, for example mluvené slovo, and can also appear in broader references to the spoken mode of expression. The distinction between mluvené and psané (written) is central in studies of language variation, communication, and corpus linguistics, where researchers compare features of speech—prosody, intonation, hesitations, pauses, repairs—with those of writing, such as spelling, punctuation, and syntax.

In linguistic research, mluvené language is examined to understand real-time language production, discourse structure, and interactional dynamics. Data often come from spoken corpora, conversational recordings, or field observations, highlighting characteristics like spontaneity, turn-taking, and conversational repair. The term is also used outside academia to refer to spoken forms in education, media, and everyday communication.

See also: psané, mlčený (related concepts in modality and form), mluvená řeč, spoken language, discourse analysis.