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Microneurography is a neurophysiological technique used to measure sympathetic nervous activity. It involves the insertion of microelectrodes into a nerve near the surface of the skin to record sympathetic nerve activity. This procedure allows researchers and clinicians to gain insight into sympathetic nervous system function.

The technique was first introduced in the 1980s and has since been widely used in various fields, including physiology, neuroscience, and medicine. Microneurography is considered a minimally invasive method, as it does not require surgical intervention. However, it does require specialized equipment and trained operators to perform accurately.

During a microneurography procedure, the subject is typically seated comfortably, and a microelectrode is gently inserted into a nerve located in the muscle, usually the nerve to the interosseous muscle in the hand. The neuron activity is then recorded using an electromyogram.

Microneurography has been used to study various physiological and pathological conditions, including vasotonic and sympathoneural responses, as well as conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and Parkinson's disease. Research using microneurography has contributed significantly to our understanding of the sympathetic nervous system's role in various physiological and pathological processes.

Studies have shown that microneurography provides accurate and stable readings of sympathetic nerve activity, making it a valuable tool for researchers and clinicians. However, the use of microneurography is not without limitations and potential risks, and it requires careful consideration and trained expertise to avoid potential complications.