microfilament

Microfilaments, also known as actin filaments, are thin, flexible protein filaments found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. They are composed of the globular protein actin, which polymerizes to form a helical filament. Microfilaments are part of the cell's cytoskeleton, a dynamic network that provides structural support, maintains cell shape, and enables cell movement.

These filaments play crucial roles in various cellular processes. They are involved in muscle contraction, where they interact with myosin motor proteins to generate force. Microfilaments also contribute to cell division by forming the contractile ring that pinches the parent cell into two daughter cells during cytokinesis. Furthermore, they are essential for cell migration, allowing cells to crawl across surfaces and participate in processes like wound healing and immune responses.

The assembly and disassembly of microfilaments are highly regulated, allowing cells to adapt to changing conditions. This dynamic nature enables cells to rapidly alter their shape and movement. Microfilaments are often found in bundles or networks within the cell, providing a framework that organizes the cytoplasm and facilitates intracellular transport. Their presence is ubiquitous across diverse eukaryotic organisms, highlighting their fundamental importance in cellular life.