melodica

Melodica is a free-reed keyboard wind instrument that combines a small piano-style keyboard with a mouthpiece and a breath chamber. Each key directs air to a corresponding reed, producing a note when the reed vibrates. The instrument is usually made of plastic and has a mouthpiece attached to the case. Most models have 32 or 37 keys, spanning about two to three octaves.

Playing technique: The player breathes into the mouthpiece while pressing keys. Pitch is controlled by the keys, and tone and dynamics come from breath pressure and embouchure. The instrument is portable and can be expressive without amplification.

History and names: The melodica emerged in the mid-20th century and was marketed by Hohner as Melodica, while Suzuki used the name Pianica for similar instruments. The term melodica later became common for the family.

Range and variants: The majority have 32 or 37 keys; some models offer more. They are typically plastic, with attached mouthpieces or detachable tubes. Reeds may require occasional replacement.

Use and repertoire: Common in music education, the melodica is also used in jazz, reggae, pop, and world music. It is valued for affordability, portability, and the distinct reedy timbre.

Care: Keep the mouthpiece clean and dry; avoid moisture buildup; store away from extreme temperatures.