makebreak

Makebreak (also written make-break) is a term used in electronics to describe how a switch or relay handles the transition between contacts. It refers to whether the new contact is made before the old one is broken (make-before-break) or whether the old contact is broken before the new one is made (break-before-make). In many datasheets these two behaviors are described as shorting (make-before-break) and non-shorting (break-before-make).

Make-before-break, or shorting, means the new contact closes prior to the old contact opening. This preserves circuit continuity during switching and reduces signal interruption, which is important in multi-contact assemblies or serial switching. However, it can create a brief moment of unintended cross-connection between adjacent contacts if the circuitry is not properly isolated.

Break-before-make, or non-shorting, opens the existing contact before the next one closes. This avoids short circuits between adjacent circuits during transition but can result in a short interruption of the signal or power path as the switch moves between positions.

Applications and considerations: The choice between make-before-break and break-before-make depends on the desired balance between continuity and isolation. Make-before-break is common in patch panels, rotary switches, and certain relay configurations where uninterrupted operation is valuable. Break-before-make is preferred when avoiding momentary cross-connections is critical. Designers and manufacturers specify the behavior in device specifications, and users select components based on the required switching characteristics and tolerances for contact bounce and wear.