müügioptsioons

Müügioptsioon, often referred to as a put option in English, is a financial contract that gives the owner the right, but not the obligation, to sell a specified asset at a predetermined price (the strike price) on or before a certain date (the expiration date). The seller of the put option is obligated to buy the asset if the buyer exercises the option.

The primary purpose of a selling option is to hedge against potential price declines in an asset. Investors who hold an asset and fear its value might fall can purchase a put option to protect themselves. If the asset's price drops below the strike price, the investor can exercise the option, selling the asset at the higher strike price, thus limiting their losses. Alternatively, put options can be used speculatively by traders who believe an asset's price will fall. They can sell the asset at the strike price without actually owning it, profiting from the difference between the market price and the strike price.

The price paid for a selling option is called the premium. This premium is influenced by factors such as the current price of the underlying asset, the strike price, the time to expiration, the volatility of the asset, and prevailing interest rates. The maximum loss for the buyer of a selling option is limited to the premium paid, while the maximum profit can be substantial if the asset's price falls significantly below the strike price. The seller, conversely, risks a larger potential loss if the asset price drops sharply.