lüliliigesed

Lüliliigesed, also known as intervertebral joints or facet joints, are the articulations between the articular processes of adjacent vertebrae. These joints are crucial for the mobility and stability of the vertebral column. Each vertebra has four such joints, two superior and two inferior, connecting it to the vertebrae above and below.

The structure of a lüliliiges consists of hyaline cartilage covering the opposing articular surfaces and a joint capsule that encloses the joint. A thin synovial membrane lines the capsule, producing synovial fluid that lubricates the joint, reducing friction during movement. The orientation of these joints varies along the vertebral column, influencing the type and range of motion possible in each region. In the cervical spine, they are oriented more horizontally, allowing for significant rotation and flexion/extension. In the thoracic spine, their more vertical orientation restricts rotation and favors lateral flexion. In the lumbar spine, they are oriented in a sagittal plane, primarily facilitating flexion and extension while limiting rotation.

Functionally, the lüliliigesed guide and limit the movements of the spine. They bear a significant portion of the compressive load transmitted through the vertebral column. Degeneration of these joints, often referred to as osteoarthritis or spondylosis, can lead to pain, stiffness, and restricted movement. Conditions affecting the lüliliigesed can contribute to chronic back pain and neurological symptoms if they impinge upon nearby nerves.