lämpövoimatuotantoon

Lämpövoimatuotanto, also known as thermal power generation, refers to the process of generating electricity by converting heat energy into mechanical energy and then into electrical energy. This is primarily achieved through the use of heat engines. The most common type of thermal power plant utilizes the Rankine cycle, where water is heated to produce steam, which then drives a turbine. This turbine is connected to a generator that produces electricity.

The heat source for thermal power plants can vary widely. Fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and oil are the most prevalent sources, where combustion releases significant amounts of heat. Nuclear power plants also fall under the umbrella of thermal power generation, using nuclear fission to generate heat, which then produces steam to drive turbines. Renewable energy sources like biomass and geothermal energy can also be harnessed to produce heat for thermal power generation. In biomass plants, organic matter is burned, while geothermal plants utilize the Earth's internal heat.

The efficiency of thermal power plants is a critical factor, indicating how much of the input heat energy is converted into useful electrical energy. Various factors influence efficiency, including the temperature of the steam, the design of the turbine and generator, and the effectiveness of heat recovery systems. Emissions are another significant consideration, particularly for fossil fuel-based plants, which release greenhouse gases and other pollutants into the atmosphere. Consequently, there is ongoing research and development focused on improving efficiency and reducing the environmental impact of thermal power generation.