lämpöevaporaatio

Lämpöevaporaatio, also known as thermal evaporation, is a physical vapor deposition technique used to produce thin films. In this process, a material is heated in a vacuum chamber until it evaporates or sublimes. The evaporated material then travels through the vacuum and condenses onto a substrate, forming a thin solid layer. The source material can be a solid or liquid and is typically heated using an electrical resistance heater, an electron beam, or a laser.

The vacuum environment is crucial for thermal evaporation. It prevents the evaporated material from colliding with air molecules, ensuring a direct path to the substrate and minimizing contamination. This controlled deposition allows for precise control over the film's thickness and composition.

Thermal evaporation is a versatile technique employed in various industries. It is widely used in the manufacturing of optical coatings, such as anti-reflective coatings for lenses and mirrors. It also finds applications in producing semiconductor devices, creating protective layers on electronics, and in decorative finishes for consumer products. The simplicity and cost-effectiveness of thermal evaporation make it a popular choice for many thin-film deposition needs.