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The lymphatic system is a network of vessels, tissues, and organs that work together to move colorless, watery fluid called lymph back into the body's blood circulation. This system is an essential part of the immune system, playing a crucial role in defending the body against infection. It also helps maintain fluid balance and absorb fats from the digestive system.

The main components of the lymphatic system include lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, the spleen, the thymus, and lymphoid tissues like tonsils and adenoids. Lymphatic vessels are found throughout the body, similar to blood vessels. They collect excess fluid, known as interstitial fluid, that leaks from blood capillaries into the tissues. This fluid, once inside the lymphatic vessels, is called lymph.

Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped organs clustered along the lymphatic vessels. They act as filters, trapping bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances, and housing immune cells like lymphocytes that destroy these harmful agents. The spleen, located in the upper left abdomen, filters blood, removes old or damaged red blood cells, and contains lymphocytes that fight infection. The thymus, situated in the chest, is crucial for the maturation of T-cells, a type of lymphocyte vital for cell-mediated immunity.

The lymphatic system's function is closely intertwined with the circulatory system. It returns leaked fluid to the bloodstream, preventing tissue swelling (edema) and maintaining blood volume. It also absorbs dietary fats in the small intestine, transporting them to the bloodstream. The immune surveillance provided by the lymphatic system is critical for overall health.