luftöverskottsfaktorn

Luftöverskottsfaktorn, often abbreviated as lambda (λ), is a dimensionless parameter used in combustion to quantify the amount of air supplied relative to the stoichiometric requirement for complete combustion of a fuel. Stoichiometric combustion is the ideal scenario where just enough air is provided to completely burn the fuel, resulting in only carbon dioxide and water as products.

A luftöverskottsfaktor of 1 (λ=1) signifies stoichiometric combustion. When λ is greater than 1, it means there is excess air, implying that more air than theoretically needed is supplied. This excess air helps ensure more complete combustion, reduces the formation of harmful byproducts like carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons, and can also help control combustion temperatures. Conversely, a luftöverskottsfaktor less than 1 (λ<1) indicates a fuel-rich condition, where there is insufficient air for complete combustion. This leads to incomplete combustion and the production of significant amounts of CO and soot.

The luftöverskottsfaktor is a critical parameter in the design and control of combustion systems, including engines, furnaces, and boilers. It directly influences combustion efficiency, emissions, and the overall performance of the system. Modern emission control systems, such as catalytic converters in vehicles, rely on precise control of the air-fuel ratio, and thus the luftöverskottsfaktor, to operate effectively. Monitoring and adjusting this factor is crucial for optimizing fuel economy and minimizing environmental impact.