lmesiyle

The term "lmesiyle" is a Turkish grammatical suffix that translates to "with," "by means of," or "due to" in English. It is attached to the end of a noun or pronoun to indicate the instrument or cause by which an action is performed or a state exists. This suffix plays a crucial role in constructing sentences that express agency, method, or reason in Turkish.

For instance, in the sentence "Kalemle yazıyorum" (I am writing with a pen), "kalemle" combines the noun "kalem" (pen) with the "le" suffix, signifying the tool used for writing. Similarly, "hızla koştu" (he ran fast) uses "hızla" (with speed) to describe the manner of running. The suffix can also denote cause, as in "hastalıgıyla evde kaldı" (he stayed home due to his illness). The "lmesiyle" suffix can undergo vowel harmony and consonant assimilation according to Turkish phonological rules, leading to variations like "-le," "-la," "-yle," and "-yla." Understanding this suffix is fundamental for comprehending and producing grammatically correct Turkish sentences that convey instrumental or causal relationships.