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Ilish is a type of shad belonging to the genus Tenualosa, commonly found in the Bay of Bengal. The most well-known species is Tenualosa ilisha, often referred to as the Ilish fish. It is a highly prized food fish in Bangladesh and parts of India, particularly in West Bengal and Tripura. The Ilish is an anadromous fish, meaning it spawns in freshwater rivers but spends most of its life in the sea.

The Ilish fishery is economically significant in the region. The fish is characterized by its silvery appearance and a distinct, rich flavor. It is a staple in Bengali cuisine and is prepared in numerous ways, often fried, smoked, or cooked in mustard oil-based curries. The fish's oily nature contributes to its unique taste and texture.

The breeding season for Ilish typically occurs during the monsoon months. The fish migrate upstream in rivers to spawn, and their roe is also considered a delicacy. Due to its popularity and economic importance, conservation efforts are sometimes discussed to ensure the sustainability of the Ilish population. The fish's cultural significance in Bangladesh is so profound that it is often referred to as the "national fish."