lizoszóma

Lizoszóma is a Hungarian-language term that translates to "lysosome" in English. Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotic cells. They contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris. These enzymes are active at the acidic pH found within the lysosome.

Lysosomes play a crucial role in cellular metabolism and the removal of unwanted substances. They are involved in processes such as autophagy, where the cell breaks down its own damaged components, and phagocytosis, where the cell engulfs and digests external particles like bacteria. The breakdown products from lysosomal activity are then recycled by the cell.

Defects in lysosomal enzymes can lead to a group of genetic disorders known as lysosomal storage diseases. In these conditions, undigested materials accumulate within the cell, causing cellular dysfunction and potentially severe health problems. The study of lysosomes and their functions is an important area of cell biology research.