limmunosénescence

Limmunosénescence refers to the age-related decline in immune system function. This process affects both the innate and adaptive immune responses, leading to a reduced ability to combat infections, a diminished response to vaccination, and an increased risk of developing age-related diseases, including cancer and autoimmune disorders. The immune system in older adults often exhibits a chronic low-grade inflammatory state, sometimes termed inflammaging, which contributes to the pathogenesis of various age-related conditions.

Several factors contribute to limmunosénescence. These include changes in the number and function of immune cells, such as T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells. T cell senescence, for instance, is characterized by a progressive loss of naive T cells and an accumulation of memory T cells, many of which may be dysfunctional or contribute to inflammation. Similarly, B cell function declines, impacting antibody production and the ability to mount effective immune responses.

Epigenetic modifications and changes in the cellular microenvironment also play significant roles in the aging immune system. The accumulation of cellular damage and the altered signaling pathways within immune cells can impair their ability to respond to stimuli and differentiate properly. Understanding limmunosénescence is crucial for developing strategies to enhance immune health in aging populations, potentially through interventions that restore immune function or mitigate the negative effects of aging on the immune system. This field of research holds promise for improving the quality of life and health outcomes for older adults.