lichenparasitic

Lichenicolous fungi are fungi that grow on lichens. They are also referred to as lichenicolous species or lichen parasites, although not all of them are strictly parasitic; some are commensal or even saprotrophic on lichen tissues. These fungi often exhibit a high degree of host specificity, meaning a particular fungus species may only grow on a single lichen species or a narrow range of related lichen species.

The relationship between the fungus and the lichen can vary. Parasitic lichenicolous fungi derive nutrients from their living lichen host, potentially causing harm or even death to the host. Commensal species live on the lichen without causing significant harm or benefit. Saprotrophic species obtain nutrients from dead lichen tissues.

The presence of lichenicolous fungi can significantly impact the lichen thallus, affecting its growth, reproduction, and survival. They can cause visible changes such as discoloration, distortion, or the formation of pustules. In some cases, these fungi can lead to the decline or extinction of rare lichen populations.

Identifying and studying lichenicolous fungi is important for understanding lichen ecology and biodiversity. Their specific host requirements make them valuable indicators of lichen health and habitat quality. Research in this area contributes to conservation efforts for threatened lichen species and the ecosystems they inhabit. The study of these fungi requires specialized knowledge of both mycology and lichenology.