leikskólar

Leikskólar are the Icelandic term for preschools, an integral part of Iceland’s early childhood education system. They provide education and supervision for young children, typically from around 1 to 6 or 7 years old, prior to entry into compulsory primary and lower secondary schooling. The program emphasizes play-based learning, social and language development, and early preparation for formal schooling. Attendance is usually voluntary for families, with access funded through local municipalities and supplemented by parental fees in some cases.

Organization and governance vary. Leikskólar can be municipal, private, or non-profit providers. Local authorities are responsible for scheduling, safety, and basic standards, while national guidelines shape curriculum and quality expectations. A national framework for early childhood education guides the content and pedagogy, emphasizing child-centered approaches, inclusion, and holistic development. Activities typically cover language and communication, early numeracy, physical development, the arts, outdoor play, and social skills. Support services are available for children with special needs and for families requiring additional assistance.

Staffing is composed mainly of qualified early childhood educators, who usually hold a bachelor’s degree in preschool education, supported by teaching assistants and care staff. Ongoing professional development is encouraged to maintain quality and adapt to new practices.

Historical context shows that Leikskólar expanded in the late 20th century as municipalities assumed responsibility for early childhood care and education. Today, they serve as a universal entry point into formal education, aiming to ensure accessible, high-quality early learning for Icelandic children and support for families.