laktoze

Laktoze is a disaccharide, meaning it is composed of two simpler sugar units. These units are galactose and glucose. Laktoze is primarily found in milk and dairy products, and it is the main carbohydrate source in milk from mammals. It is also sometimes referred to as milk sugar.

The digestion of laktoze in the human body involves the enzyme lactase, which is produced in the small intestine. Lactase breaks down laktoze into its constituent monosaccharides, galactose and glucose, which can then be absorbed into the bloodstream. Galactose is used by the body for energy and is also converted to glucose. Glucose is a primary energy source for cells.

Many people, particularly adults, experience a reduced production of lactase. This condition is known as lactose intolerance. When individuals with lactose intolerance consume foods containing laktoze, the undigested sugar passes into the large intestine. Here, bacteria ferment the laktoze, leading to symptoms such as bloating, gas, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. The prevalence of lactose intolerance varies significantly across different populations and ethnic groups. Lactose-free milk and dairy alternatives are available for individuals who are lactose intolerant.