küszöbértékkeresés

Küszöbértékkeresés, also known as thresholding, is a fundamental image segmentation technique. It involves partitioning an image into two or more sets of pixels based on their intensity values. The core idea is to select a threshold value and then assign pixels to one group if their intensity is above the threshold, and to another group if it is below. This process effectively separates objects from the background.

There are several methods for determining the threshold value. Automatic thresholding methods, such as Otsu's method, automatically calculate the optimal threshold based on image statistics, aiming to minimize the intra-class variance or maximize the inter-class variance. Manual thresholding, on the other hand, requires a user to interactively select the threshold value.

Global thresholding applies a single threshold value across the entire image. In contrast, adaptive thresholding calculates different thresholds for different regions of the image, which is particularly useful for images with varying illumination conditions.

Küszöbértékkeresés is widely used in various applications, including medical imaging for identifying tumors or organs, document analysis for separating text from paper, and object recognition for isolating specific features. Its simplicity and computational efficiency make it a popular choice for preprocessing and feature extraction tasks. However, its effectiveness can be limited by noise and complex image structures.