kyynärkulma

Kyynärkulma refers to the angle formed by the upper arm and the forearm. This angle is a crucial element in human and animal locomotion, particularly in the movement of limbs. The range of motion at the elbow joint, which dictates this angle, allows for a variety of actions such as bending, straightening, and reaching.

In anatomical terms, the elbow joint is a complex hinge joint composed of three bones: the humerus (upper arm bone), the ulna, and the radius (forearm bones). The articulation of these bones allows for flexion, where the kyynärkulma decreases, bringing the forearm closer to the upper arm, and extension, where the kyynärkulma increases, straightening the arm.

The degree of the kyynärkulma can vary significantly depending on the activity. For instance, when lifting an object, the angle might be acute during the initial part of the lift and then extend as the object is placed down. In athletes, the flexibility and strength around the elbow joint, which influence the achievable kyynärkulma, are often highly developed.

Medical conditions can also affect the kyynärkulma. Injuries such as fractures or dislocations of the elbow, as well as conditions like arthritis, can limit the range of motion, resulting in a restricted or abnormal kyynärkulma. Rehabilitation therapies often focus on restoring the normal movement and angle of the elbow. The term is used in various contexts, from everyday descriptions of posture to precise biomechanical analyses.