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Xanthine oxidase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in purine metabolism. It is primarily found in the liver and intestines of mammals, as well as in some bacteria. This enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and then xanthine to uric acid. This final product, uric acid, is then excreted from the body.
The activity of xanthine oxidase is essential for breaking down purines, which are components of DNA and
Conversely, inhibiting xanthine oxidase is a common therapeutic strategy for managing hyperuricemia and gout. Medications like