koronografit

A koronograf is an instrument used to block out the bright light of the Sun's disk, allowing observers to view the Sun's fainter outer atmosphere, the corona, and other dim solar phenomena. Invented by French astronomer Bernard Lyot in 1931, the coronagraph is essential for studying the corona, which is normally obscured by the Sun's glare. The primary component of a coronagraph is an occulter, a precisely shaped mask that is placed in the optical path to create an artificial eclipse of the Sun. This occulter is carefully positioned to block the direct sunlight while allowing light from the corona to pass through to the detector, which is typically a telescope and camera. By suppressing the overwhelming brightness of the photosphere, coronagraphs enable detailed observations of features such as prominences, coronal mass ejections, and coronal streamers. These observations provide crucial data for understanding solar activity, space weather, and the heliosphere. Coronagraphs are used both on ground-based solar observatories and in space-based telescopes, where the Earth's atmosphere does not interfere with observations.