kondensaatioreaktiosta

A condensation reaction is a chemical reaction in which two molecules or functional groups react to form a larger molecule together with the loss of a small molecule such as water. This process is often reversible. In organic chemistry, condensation reactions are very common and play a crucial role in the formation of polymers and other complex molecules. A classic example is the formation of esters from carboxylic acids and alcohols, where a molecule of water is eliminated. Another important type is the aldol condensation, where an enolate ion reacts with a carbonyl compound, leading to the formation of a beta-hydroxy carbonyl compound, which can then dehydrate to form an alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound. Condensation reactions are fundamental in biochemistry, for instance, in the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids to create proteins, with the release of water. They are also vital in the synthesis of disaccharides from monosaccharides. The driving force for condensation reactions can vary, and often involves the removal of the small molecule byproduct to shift the equilibrium towards product formation.