komplxometria

Komplxometria, also known as complexometric titration, is a type of titration that uses a complexing agent as a titrant. This method relies on the formation of a stable, soluble complex between the metal ion being analyzed and the complexing agent. The most commonly used complexing agent in this technique is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). EDTA is a chelating agent, meaning it can bind to metal ions through multiple donor atoms, forming a very stable ring structure.

The principle of complexometric titration involves the quantitative reaction between the metal ion and the complexing agent. As the titrant is added, it reacts with the metal ions in the solution to form a metal-EDTA complex. The endpoint of the titration is typically detected using a metallochromic indicator. These indicators are colored compounds that form a complex with the metal ion. At the endpoint, when all the metal ions have reacted with the added EDTA, the EDTA will start to complex with the metal ions bound to the indicator, causing a distinct color change.

Complexometric titrations are widely used for the quantitative determination of various metal ions in analytical chemistry. They are employed in fields such as water analysis, pharmaceutical quality control, and environmental monitoring. The accuracy and versatility of this method make it a valuable tool for metal ion quantification. Different procedures and indicators are used depending on the specific metal ion and the sample matrix.