kompleksides

Kompleksides are a class of chemical compounds that are formed when a central metal atom or ion is bonded to a surrounding group of molecules or ions. These surrounding entities are called ligands. The interaction between the metal and the ligands is typically a coordinate covalent bond, where the ligand donates a pair of electrons to the metal. The number of ligands directly bonded to the central metal atom is known as the coordination number.

The properties of kompleksides are highly dependent on both the central metal atom and the nature of the ligands. They can exhibit a wide range of colors, magnetic properties, and reactivities. The arrangement of ligands around the metal center can also lead to isomerism, where different compounds have the same chemical formula but different spatial arrangements of atoms. This can include geometric isomers and optical isomers.

Kompleksides play significant roles in various fields. In biology, they are essential for life, such as hemoglobin which contains iron complexed with porphyrin, and chlorophyll which contains magnesium complexed with porphyrin. In industry, they are used as catalysts, in analytical chemistry for detection and quantification of substances, and in medicine for diagnostic imaging and treatment. The study of kompleksides is a major area within inorganic chemistry.