klokkede

Klokkede is a past-tense verb form found in several North Germanic languages, most commonly Norwegian and Danish, with a cognate in Swedish. It derives from the noun klokke, meaning bell or clock, and denotes the action of sounding or ringing bells, or striking a clock. In historical texts and in regional dialects, klokkede is used to describe bells that have rung at a given moment, such as church bells tolling for a service or a clock striking the hour. In standard Norwegian and Danish, klokkede appears as the simple past tense of klokke; in Swedish the corresponding form is klockade.

Etymology: klokke originates in Old Norse klokka and is related to the Germanic root of the modern words for clock and bell across the Nordic languages. The form klokkede preserves the -ede past-tense pattern common to many weak verbs in these languages.

Usage notes: The exact nuance can differ by language and period. In some dialects, klokke may also mean to measure time with a clock, or to select a bell for a specific signal. In modern usage, the more common verbs for 'to ring' are different verb roots, but klokkede remains attested in literature and historical descriptions.

See also: klokke, klocka, klinga (bell), clock.