kaynamak

Kaynamak is a Turkish verb meaning to boil, specifically the act of heating a liquid until it reaches its boiling point and starts to bubble vigorously. The related noun kaynama denotes the state of boiling, while the participle kaynayan describes something that is boiling (for example, kaynayan su, boiling water). In everyday Turkish, phrases like su kaynıyor, “the water is boiling,” are common.

From a scientific perspective, boiling occurs when a liquid’s vapor pressure equals the surrounding atmospheric pressure. At standard atmospheric pressure, water boils at 100°C (212°F); this boiling temperature decreases with altitude and can be affected by dissolved substances or impurities. The process involves nucleation and the formation of vapor bubbles within the liquid, which rise to the surface and release gas. Boiling is different from evaporation, which is a surface phenomenon and can happen at lower temperatures.

In cuisine and daily use, kaynamak is often employed to describe bringing liquids to a boil for cooking or sterilization. For example, you might kaynatmak tea, soups, or pasta water, or use kayna­tım to refer to the act of boiling something for a recipe. The verb also appears in passive or passive-like forms when describing boiled foods or liquids.

Etymology-wise, kaynamak is a native Turkish verb with roots in Turkic language history, reflecting the idea of bubbling or welling up. Related terms include kaynama (boiling) and kaynar (boiling, hot).