katalogiserings

Katalogisering, or cataloging, is the practice in libraries and information institutions of creating bibliographic records that describe materials and make them searchable in a catalog. The aim is to provide enough descriptive, bibliographic, and access information to help users identify and locate resources, and to support resource sharing and interoperability between libraries. Cataloging covers both physical items and digital resources, including books, journals, audiovisual materials, and online artifacts.

A catalog record typically includes descriptive elements (title, author, edition, publisher, publication date, physical form, language), access points (names of authors and corporate bodies, uniform titles), subject access (keywords and subject headings), and technical metadata (identifiers such as ISBN or ISSN). It also assigns a classification number and a call number to locate the item in a library.

Standards and rules guide cataloging practice. Descriptive description has been shaped by rules such as AACR2 and its successor RDA (Resource Description and Access). Punctuation and layout often follow ISBD (International Standard Bibliographic Description). Metadata frameworks include MARC, UNIMARC, and Dublin Core, with growing use of RDF in linked data environments. Authority control uses standardized forms for names, subjects, and corporate bodies to ensure consistent access points across records.

Cataloging is guided by conceptual models like FRBR (Work, Expression, Manifestation, Item) to clarify relationships between resources. The process involves creating or updating records, assigning standardized access points, applying subject headings, and linking records to holdings. Effective katalogisering enhances discovery, accuracy, and cooperation across libraries and digital repositories.