kapszaicin

Kapszaicin is the active component of chili peppers and is responsible for their pungency. Chemically, it is a vanilloid compound. The word "kapszaicin" is derived from the genus name of the pepper plant, *Capsicum*. It is classified as an alkaloid.

Kapszaicin interacts with TRPV1 receptors, which are found on sensory neurons. When kapszaicin binds to these receptors, it triggers a sensation of heat and pain. This is why consuming chili peppers can lead to a burning feeling. The intensity of this sensation is measured using the Scoville scale, which quantifies the concentration of kapszaicinoids.

Beyond its culinary use, kapszaicin has various applications. It is used in topical creams and patches to relieve pain from conditions like arthritis and muscle soreness. It is also found in pepper spray, used for self-defense, due to its ability to irritate the eyes and respiratory system. Research continues into its potential medicinal properties, including effects on metabolism and cancer cells.