kalíumstig

Kalíumstig is a term of Icelandic origin that translates to "potassium level" in English. It refers to the concentration of potassium ions in a biological fluid, most commonly in the blood serum. Potassium is an essential electrolyte that plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, including nerve signal transmission, muscle contractions, and maintaining fluid balance.

The normal range for serum potassium in adults is typically between 3.5 and 5.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L). Deviations from this range can indicate underlying health issues. A level below 3.5 mmol/L is known as hypokalemia, which can result from factors such as inadequate dietary intake, excessive loss through vomiting or diarrhea, certain medications like diuretics, or hormonal imbalances. Symptoms of hypokalemia can include muscle weakness, fatigue, and irregular heart rhythms.

Conversely, a potassium level above 5.0 mmol/L is termed hyperkalemia. This can be caused by kidney disease, certain medications, severe tissue damage, or excessive potassium intake. Hyperkalemia can be a serious condition, potentially leading to muscle paralysis, abnormal heart rhythms, and even cardiac arrest. Monitoring kalíumstig is therefore an important aspect of clinical diagnosis and management for a variety of medical conditions.