kaksinkertaisina

Kaksinkertaisina is the plural essive form of the Finnish adjective kaksinkertainen, meaning twofold or double. In Finnish grammar the essive case, marked with the suffixes -na or -nä, expresses a temporary state or role, such as “in the role of” or “as.” Kaksinkertaisina is used when the noun it describes is plural and in a twofold state or form.

The usage is common in formal or descriptive, statistical, or technical texts. It tends to appear in written Finnish rather than everyday speech. For related meaning and nuance, speakers may use the singular form kaksinkertaisena (in a twofold sense) or the adverbial kaksinkertaisesti (twice, twofold, in a doubling sense).

Etymology and relation to other forms: the word combines kaksinta- from kaksin two and kertainen (times,fold) with the essive suffix -na/-nä, producing the plural form kaksinkertaisina. This contrasts with kaksinkertaisena (singular essive) and kaksinkertaisesti (adverb).

Examples:

- Tuotteet jaettiin kaksinkertaisina määrinä. (The products were divided in twofold quantities.)

- Työtehtävät jaettiin kaksinkertaisina ryhminä. (The tasks were divided into twofold groups.)

See also:

- kaksinkertaisena

- kaksinkertaisesti

- kaksinkertaisuus

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