kõhuõõn

Kõhuõõn, also known as the abdominal cavity, is a large body cavity that contains many of the visceral organs. It is located in the abdomen, between the diaphragm superiorly and the pelvic brim inferiorly. The abdominal cavity is lined by the peritoneum, a serous membrane that reflects onto the abdominal organs.

The major organs found within the abdominal cavity include the stomach, intestines (small and large), liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, and adrenal glands. These organs are responsible for a wide range of bodily functions, including digestion, metabolism, excretion, and immune response. The arrangement of these organs within the cavity is complex and allows for efficient functioning.

The abdominal cavity is divided into several regions for anatomical description, although these divisions are often conceptual. The most common division is into nine regions: the right hypochondrium, epigastrium, left hypochondrium, right lumbar region, umbilical region, left lumbar region, right iliac fossa, hypogastrium, and left iliac fossa. This regionalization is helpful for pinpointing the location of pain or abnormalities.

The wall of the abdominal cavity is formed by muscles and bones. The anterior wall is composed of the rectus abdominis and the oblique muscles. The posterior wall is formed by the lumbar vertebrae, the psoas muscles, and the quadratus lumborum. The diaphragm forms the superior boundary, while the pelvic floor muscles form the inferior boundary.

Various medical conditions can affect the organs within the abdominal cavity, leading to symptoms such as pain, nausea, vomiting, and changes in bowel habits. Diagnostic imaging techniques like ultrasound, CT scans, and MRI are commonly used to visualize the organs within the abdominal cavity and identify any pathologies.