jänniteenvaihdos

Jänniteenvaihdos refers to the process of changing the voltage level of an electrical current. This is typically achieved using a transformer, a static electrical device that transfers energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. Transformers are fundamental components in power distribution systems, allowing for efficient transmission of electricity over long distances.

The principle behind jänniteenvaihdos relies on Faraday's law of induction. A changing magnetic flux through a coil of wire induces a voltage across that coil. In a transformer, an alternating current in a primary coil creates a fluctuating magnetic field. This magnetic field then passes through a secondary coil, inducing an alternating voltage in it. The ratio of the number of turns in the primary coil to the number of turns in the secondary coil determines whether the voltage is stepped up (increased) or stepped down (decreased).

Step-up transformers are used to increase voltage for long-distance transmission, as higher voltages reduce current and thus minimize power loss due to resistance in the transmission lines. Step-down transformers are then used at substations and closer to consumers to reduce the voltage to safe and usable levels for homes and businesses. This process of jänniteenvaihdos is crucial for the practical and economical delivery of electricity. In smaller electronic devices, compact transformers are used to adapt mains voltage to the lower voltages required by internal circuits.