jurm

Jurm is a term derived from Arabic that is widely used in Islamic jurisprudence and legal systems influenced by Sharia law. It generally refers to an offense, crime, or sin. The concept of jurm encompasses both legal transgressions that warrant punishment in this world and spiritual offenses that may incur divine retribution in the hereafter.

In a legal context, jurm typically denotes an act or omission that is forbidden by Islamic law and carries a prescribed penalty (hudud), a discretionary punishment (ta'zir), or requires retribution (qisas). The determination of jurm involves establishing the act itself, the intent of the perpetrator, and the absence of any lawful justification.

The classification of jurm can vary depending on the severity of the offense and the specific legal school of thought. Common categories include offenses against life and limb, property, honor, and public order. Understanding jurm is fundamental to comprehending Islamic criminal law and its application in various legal systems across the Muslim world. The term's broad meaning allows it to encompass a wide spectrum of prohibited actions, from minor transgressions to capital offenses.