jodmonoklorid

Jodmonoklorid, also known as iodine monochloride, is a chemical compound with the formula ICl. It is a diatomic interhalogen compound. In its pure form, it is a reddish-brown liquid at room temperature, though it can also exist as a solid. Jodmonoklorid is highly reactive and corrosive due to the presence of both iodine and chlorine.

The synthesis of jodmonoklorid typically involves the direct reaction between iodine and chlorine. The stoichiometry of the reaction can be controlled to produce different interhalogen compounds, but for ICl, a 1:1 molar ratio is used. It can be prepared by reacting iodine with an excess of chlorine gas. The reaction is exothermic and requires careful control.

Jodmonoklorid is a valuable reagent in organic chemistry, particularly for electrophilic addition reactions across double and triple bonds. It is used in the iodination of organic compounds and as a source of electrophilic iodine. Its reactivity stems from the polar nature of the I-Cl bond, where chlorine is more electronegative, leading to a partial positive charge on the iodine atom, making it susceptible to nucleophilic attack. It is also used in analytical chemistry for titration.

Due to its corrosive nature, jodmonoklorid must be handled with appropriate safety precautions, including proper ventilation and personal protective equipment. It reacts violently with water, producing hydrochloric acid and hypoiodous acid. Its storage requires inert containers and a dry environment.