jakelujännitettä

Jakelujännite refers to the voltage level used in electrical distribution networks to deliver power to end-users. These voltages are typically lower than the high voltages transmitted over long distances but higher than the voltages directly used by most appliances. The purpose of distribution voltages is to strike a balance between efficient transmission within a local area and safe, practical use by consumers.

In many countries, common jakelujännitteet for residential and commercial customers include 230 volts in Europe and 400 volts for three-phase systems, while North America commonly uses 120 volts and 240 volts for single-phase, and 208 volts or 480 volts for three-phase. These voltages are stepped down from higher transmission or sub-transmission voltages by distribution transformers located in substations or on utility poles.

The choice of jakelujännite is influenced by factors such as the distance to the consumer, the power demand of the area, safety regulations, and the efficiency of electrical equipment. Higher distribution voltages can reduce current for a given power, thus minimizing power losses in the distribution lines due to resistance. However, higher voltages also require more robust insulation and can pose greater safety risks if not properly managed. Utilities carefully select and maintain their jakelujännite to ensure reliable and safe electricity delivery.