jäädyttämislämpötilaan

Jäädyttämislämpötilaan, often translated as freezing point, refers to the specific temperature at which a substance transitions from a liquid to a solid state. This process is also known as solidification or crystallization. For most substances, this transition occurs at a constant temperature under standard atmospheric pressure. The freezing point is a characteristic property of a pure substance and can be used for its identification. For example, pure water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit) at standard pressure.

The freezing point can be influenced by factors such as pressure and the presence of impurities. Increasing pressure generally raises the freezing point of most substances, although water is an exception, where increasing pressure slightly lowers its freezing point. Dissolving a solute into a solvent, such as salt in water, typically lowers the freezing point of the solvent. This phenomenon is known as freezing point depression and is the principle behind using salt to de-ice roads in winter.

The reverse process, melting, where a solid transitions into a liquid, occurs at the same temperature as the freezing point for a pure substance under the same pressure conditions. The equilibrium between the solid and liquid phases exists at the freezing point. Understanding freezing points is crucial in various scientific and industrial applications, including meteorology, chemistry, and food science.