ivassals
Ivassals, also known as vassals of the Church, were individuals who held land or property in exchange for their loyalty and service to the Church rather than a secular lord. This relationship was formalized through a ceremony known as commendation, where the Church would present the vassal with a cross or other religious symbol. Ivassals were common in medieval Europe, particularly in regions with a strong ecclesiastical influence.
The duties of an ivassal varied but typically included religious obligations such as attending mass, praying
The relationship between an ivassal and the Church could be lifelong, but it could also be terminated
The concept of ivassals is an important aspect of medieval feudalism, illustrating the complex web of relationships